专题八：宾语从句考点集汇，讲解和训练

一. 宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语
和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
二. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
三. 宾语从句的时态
1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。例如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
【演练】
1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday?
  A. what will Tom do    B. what did Tom do
  C. what Tom will do    D. what Tom did
2. I want to know_________.
  A. what is his name      B. whats his name
  C. that his name is       D. what his name is
3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam?
  A. that  B. whether  C. what  D. which
4. Jim doesnt understand ____________.
  A. which is the way to the museum
  B. why his wife always goes shopping
  C. what is the way to the museum
  D. why does she always go shopping
5. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for?
  A. that  B. whose  C. who  D. which
6. Mr. King didnt know _______ yesterday evening.
  A. when does his son come home
  B. when his son comes home
  C. when did his son come home
  D. when his son came home
7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning?
  A. how does he mend   B. how he mends
  C. how he mended      D. how did he mend
8. ---Im waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?
  ---Usually it comes by 4: 00.
  A. how  B. where  C. when  D. what
9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?
  ---Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital.
  A. how we can get to the post office
  B. how can we get to the post office
  C. how get to the post office
  D. how could we get to the post office
10. ---Can I help you?
   ---Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to get there?
   A. how soon will it   B. how soon it will
   C. how long it will   D. how long will it
11. He wanted to know ___________.
   A. whether he speaks at the meeting
   B. when the meeting would start
   C. what hes going to do at the meeting
   D. where would the meeting be held 
12. ---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden?
   ---The day after tomorrow, I think.
   A. when will you visit      B. when you will visit
   C. when would you visit    D. when you would visit
13. Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr Wang?
   A. what should we do      B. we should do what
   C. what we should do      D. should we do what
14. You cant imagine _________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
   A. how they were excited   B. how excited they were
   C. how excited were they   D. they were how excited
15. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.
   A. that  B. when  C. where  D. whether
16. ---Could you tell me ____________?
   ---Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting.
   A. what does he say at the meeting
   B. what did he say at the meeting
   C. what he says at the meeting
   D. what he said at the meeting
17. ---Could you tell me _________ last night?
   ---Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home.
   A. what you were doing    B. what were you doing
   C. what you are doing      D. what are you doing
18. The teacher asked the students __________.
   A. if they were interested in dinosaurs
   B. when was Albert Einstein born
   C. what they will do with the computers
   D. how many trees they have planted
19. Every morning the patients are asked if ________ their temperature taken.
   A. they had had                  B. have they had
   C. they have had                 D. had they had
20. It’s up to you to decide _______ you’ll go there, by air or by road.
how  B. why  C. that  D. when
【练习答案】
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A